VII: Marx/AlthusserThis is a featured page



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Eli.the.Halpern history pt. II 0 Mar 15 2007, 8:16 PM EDT by Eli.the.Halpern
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Thus, I would criticize Marx and Althusser for failing to take into account their own negation of history, their engulfing of it, in their structural analyses. On the other hand, I would also be wary of works like "From Work to Text" that see, in essence, the whole world as their infinitely discursive oyster. Can one really ignore the time in which Hamlet was written and instead opt to read the play as a text written, in essence, by their reading of it? Doesn't that practice run the risk of mythologizing The Text? Find out on the next episode of: "Space Invaders."
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Eli.the.Halpern history 0 Mar 15 2007, 8:16 PM EDT by Eli.the.Halpern
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Sorry, this has to be in two parts sine it's too long.

One thread that I have been trying to follow throughout all of these readings has been the role of history in each philosophy. The notion of history seems to be a very divisive one among philosopher's whose frameworks might otherwise fit well with one another. For writers like Barthes and Marx, the myth and the commodity are sapped of history. They appear eternal and original. For Althusser, "ideology has no history" (159); it is "omnipresent, trans-historical . . . eternal. (161)" In this sense, one might be able to describe commodity or ideology in terms of myth, or figure myth and commodity into the structure of ideology. While Barthes, Marx, and Althusser tend present the loss of history in a negative light, other philosophers saw a need to negate the notion of historicity. In his later writing, Barthes emphasizes of the trans-historical nature text; he wants to eliminate the notion of author and origin, to allow the structure of text to breathe to life in the moment of its reading. There is also a strong tradition of synchronicity among philosophers like Saussure, who believe that structures like language come about all at once and in relation to each other (paradigmatically). In his "Structure, Sign, and Play," Derrida outright states: "the respect for structurality, for the eternal originality of the structure, compels a neutralization of time and history. (263)" In order to examine a structure, whether it be that if ideology or commodity, one must "brush aside all facts" at the last second in order to truly grasp its structurality.
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GinaS Althusser & The Matrix (yeah... I know) 0 Mar 14 2007, 10:43 PM EDT by GinaS
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When I told a friend I was reading Althusser, his response was “oh, I’ve never read his work, but I’ve seen The Matrix.” While referring to The Matrix in a discussion about theory has gotten cliché, I’ve never thought about it from the perspective of ISAs. Thinking of ‘The Matrix’ as the ultimate ideology, a metaphor for ISAs, made the concepts more digestible. Humans function in ‘The Matrix’ just as unconsciously as we function within our individual ideologies; it seems “obvious” (or natural) as one does not question it. It also carries over to how if you claim that you don’t subscribe to a specific ideology, it is the most dangerous as you are not aware of it. It also produces a subject (in both forms of the term), and even is necessary for the reproduction of the means of production. It is also not an imaginary relation between man and his real conditions, but more the relation of the relation. The place where this becomes interesting is the internal/external idea of being “in an ideology” (pg 175) How similarly to the myth, you can’t function within in it if you know that it exists. While Neo explicitly got to choose whether or not he wanted to be aware of the ideology he was function within, I wonder how much Althusser feels we can ‘free’ ourselves from our ideologies once we acknowledge their existence? Also, is there a certain “ignorance is bliss” quality as well? The pleasures of firmly believing in something and not having to question its appearance as ‘obvious? ‘The Matrix’ example also brings into the forefront of how many other ‘obvious’ things in our lives may actually be an ‘apparatus’ of some sort.
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